![]() ![]() The size of the response data and the available network bandwidth determinates its duration. Content Transfer: Time spent receiving the response data.This time captures the latency of a round trip to the server in addition to the time spent waiting for the server to process the request and deliver the response. Time to First Byte (TTFB): Time spent waiting for the initial response.There is no TLS handshake with a not HTTPS request. During the handshake process endpoints exchange authentication and keys to establish or resume secure sessions. TLS handshake: Time spent completing a TLS handshake.TCP connection is managed by an operating system, if the underlying TCP connection cannot be established, the OS-wide TCP connection timeout will overrule the timeout config of our application. Connections must be properly established in a multi-step handshake process. TCP Connection: Time it took to establish TCP connection between a source host and destination host.There is no DNS lookup when the destination is already an IP address. Every new domain requires a full round trip to do the DNS lookup. ![]() DNS lookup resolves domain names to IP addresses. DNS Lookup: Time spent performing the DNS lookup.Now let’s take a look at the timeline of a usual HTTP Request: These keys work together to establish an encrypted connection. SSL certificates are not dependent on cryptographic protocols like TLS, a certificate contains a key pair: a public and a private key. Both TLS and SSL use certificates to establish a secure connection. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a deprecated predecessor to TLS. SSL/TLS (Transport Layer Security): TLS is a cryptographic protocol that provides communications security over a computer network.An HTTP client initiates a request by establishing a TCP connection. TCP provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of octets between applications running on hosts communicating over an IP network. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): The TCP standard defines how to establish and maintain a network conversation between applications to exchange data.DNS (Domain Name Servers): DNS is a hierarchical decentralized naming system used to resolve human-readable hostnames like into machine-readable IP addresses.It also defines packet structures that encapsulate the data to be delivered. IP is responsible for delivering packets from the source host to the destination host based on the packet headers across one or more IP networks. IP (Internet Protocol): IP is a network-layer protocol, deals with network addressing and routing.Node.js is free of locks, so there's no chance to dead-lock any process.īefore we jump into HTTP timings, let’s take a look at some basic concepts: This article explains timings in an HTTP request and shows how to measure them in Node.js Node.js is an asynchronous event-driven JavaScript runtime and is the most effective when building scalable network applications. Understanding and measuring HTTP timings helps us to discover performance bottlenecks in client to server or server to server communication. ![]()
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